HNC is more prevalent in India than in other countries, such as the US, UK, Australia, Africa, and Brazil. The high prevalence of HNC in India is likely due to the widespread use of tobacco, which is a risk factor for 80–90% of oral cancer patients. In India, the number of cancer cases is rising. According to GLOBOCAN 2020, there will be 2.1 million new cancer cases in India by 2040, an increase of 57.5% from the year 2020. The all-site cancer incidence rate was 103.7 and 102.4 per 100,000 population for males and females, respectively. (Ref: e-Cancer, 2023) India has the highest number of oral cavity cancer patients in the world. This could be related to the widespread use of tobacco in India