Abstract

Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) has revolutionized various medical disciplines, including oral and maxillofacial surgery, where challenges such as complex neurovascular pathways, vital anatomical structures, and functional aesthetics often complicate procedures. Robotic-assisted surgery, an innovation stemming from advances in imaging technologies and automation, has emerged as a transformative approach to overcome these limitations. This study explores the integration of robotic systems in maxillofacial surgery, focusing on their precision, enhanced visualization, and minimally invasive benefits. However, global disparities exist in the adoption of such technologies, with developed countries having greater access due to better infrastructure and financial resources compared to developing nations. Addressing these disparities requires policy support and international collaboration. Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) has revolutionized various medical disciplines, including oral and maxillofacial surgery, where challenges such as complex neurovascular pathways, vital anatomical structures, and functional aesthetics often complicate procedures. Robotic-assisted surgery, an innovation stemming from advances in imaging technologies and automation, has emerged as a transformative approach to overcome these limitations. This study explores the integration of robotic systems in maxillofacial surgery, focusing on their precision, enhanced visualization, and minimally invasive benefits. A systematic review of literature, imaging methodologies, and case studies reveals that robotic systems offer unparalleled advantages in orthognathic surgeries, tumor resections, and temporomandibular joint reconstructions, ensuring superior outcomes with reduced surgical morbidity and faster recovery. However, significant barriers, including high costs, steep learning curves, and the lack of tactile feedback, present challenges to widespread adoption. This research highlights the critical role of imaging technologies, such as CT and MRI, in preoperative planning and intraoperative navigation, emphasizing their synergy with robotic platforms. While robotic surgery demonstrates significant promise in addressing the aesthetic and functional demands of maxillofacial procedures, further advancements in technology, training protocols, and cost-efficiency are required to optimize its integration into routine clinical practice.