Abstract

This study investigates the diversity, ecological significance, and conservation status of miniature native orchids in the Western Ghats, focusing on the Wayanad district. Our findings highlight the critical role of these orchids in maintaining ecosystem balance, particularly through their interactions with pollinators and mycorrhizal fungi, which contribute to nutrient cycling and habitat health. Despite their ecological importance, these orchids face significant threats from habitat destruction, climate change, and over collection. Our research identifies key conservation strategies, including habitat restoration and the establishment of orchid sanctuaries, to mitigate these threats. Additionally, the success of reintroduction programs in Wayanad demonstrates the potential for restoring orchid populations. This study underscores the need for targeted conservation efforts and community involvement in preserving these species, ensuring their survival in the face of environmental challenges.