Abstract

Climate change has become increasingly recognized as one of the greatest challenges to humankind and all other life on Earth. The negative impacts of climate change have become much more intense for the rare and endangered medicinal plants as their survival is threatened and also some important medicinal plants are showing changes in their secondary metabolites along with the alterations in their phenologies, adaptation to their habitat and other migratory changes. Such serious issues and challenges are a continuous concern with regard to the survival and genetic integrity. Plant in vitro regeneration is a biotechnological tool that offers a tremendous potential solution for the propagation of endangered and superior genotypes of medicinal plants which could be released to their natural habitat or cultivated on a large scale for the pharmaceutical product of interest. Genomic, proteomic and metabolomic studies are also done to completely understand the adaptations in plants during stress conditions, their coping mechanism and associated production and concentration of metabolites and its pathways. Various Rare and Endangered plants of Terai region had been envisaged with their efficient protocol for micro-propagation and their phytochemicals have also been studied for medicinal uses.