Confidentiality is the basis of law suits demanding compensation for an injury caused by health care providers. Poor awareness and illiteracy in the society today have made most people reluctant to pursue their legal claims arising from medical confidentiality. This research examined the medical confidentiality and professional secrecy in Nigeria.it was discovered that there are no or very few medical confidentiality suits today due to misinformation, beliefs, financial constrain and the fear of the unknown. Many Nigerians are not aware of their right over medical confidentiality issues. When they are aware it is difficult to pursue their rights do to several factors amongst which are poverty, fear of the unknown and resolve in their hearts that litigations will not right the wrong and let the will of God be. We recommend that the Nigerian Medical Council in collaboration with the government take strict measures in enlightening the populace on their rights to medical confidentiality. The court should discourage the act by penalizing the offenders which will in turn serve as deterrence to others. Hospital managements should organize training courses on the confidentiality or on law and medicine to educate medical practitioners on their legal responsibility towards their patients. The punishment for offenders should be more stringent and graver enough to warrant striking out the name of the practitioner off the register. Hospital management should also ensure that facilities needed for effective performance of duty should be procured from time to time.