Abstract

Tooth decay also known as dental caries represents one of the major worldwide dental problems. It has high prevalence to the extent that it possesses the second rank after common cold. Dental caries usually arises as a result of variations in the equilibrium of the oral microbial biofilms, Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus and Lactobacillus spp, and teeth minerals. These bacteria can ferment carbohydrates and produce acids which in turns decrease the pH below 5.5 and lead to demineralization of tooth tissues and further tooth decay.