Abstract

This paper explains the process of signature analysis in India, highlighting its significance in the context of disputed documents and forgery detection. The signature analysis is an essential part of forensic document examination, where experts use scientific methodologies to examine the authenticity of questioned documents, such as signatures on cheques, sale deeds, and handwritten signatures. This paper discusses the relevant provisions of the Indian Evidence Act 1872, particularly Sections 3, 45, 136, and 137, which state the admissibility of expert testimony and the evaluation of evidence. Also, it categorizes various methods of forgery-traced, freehand, and lifted-forging signatures, along with strategies used by criminals to disguise for personal benefit. This paper further explores instrumental techniques used in signature analysis and emphasizes the critical role that signatures play in legal contexts; and it underscores the importance of rigorous signature examination in ensuring justice and document integrity.