Abstract

Obesity is the most significant risk factor for developing and progressing type-2 diabetes, with the risk of increasing linearly alongside BMI (Body Mass Index), across all age groups according to the International Diabetes Federation (IDF). Its pandemiclevel prevalence makes treating obesity and weight loss crucial for preventing and managing type-2 diabetes worldwide. The cellular and physiological mechanisms linking obesity to type-2 diabetes are complex, involving adiposity-induced changes in β-cell function, adipose tissue biology, and multi-organ insulin resistance. These effects can often be normalized with adequate weight loss. Clinical studies show that moderate, sustained weight loss improves blood glucose levels, insulin action, and reduces the need for type-2 diabetic medications. A combined approach of diet, exercise, and lifestyle modifications effectively reduces obesity and mitigates the complications of diabetes. This strategy also aids in the prevention, control and remission of type-2 diabetes.