Abstract

Pituitary abscess (PA) is very rare accounting for 0.2%–0.6% of all pituitary lesions. Only around 270 case reports have been described so far since the first case was described by Heslop in 1848. Pituitary abscess is an uncommon disease that usually presents with vague symptoms. To reach a diagnosis in such cases is usually difficult. The condition is considered a life-threatening one, however, fortunately the major number of cases have a rather chronic course. Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) is a rare condition in which parts of the brain are affected by swelling, usually as a result of an underlying cause. It is usually associated with chronic renal disease, hypertension, and connective tissue disorders. It is rarely associated with pituitary abscess. Preoperative diagnosis of PA is a dilemma as symptoms such as pituitary abnormal function are nonspecific, radiological findings are not distinctive of an abscess and symptoms like headache or visual disturbances are vague.