Abstract

Advancements in 3D printing technologies have revolutionized drug delivery systems, enabling personalized and efficient therapeutic solutions. Oral dispersible films ensure rapid disintegration and enhanced dissolution, ideal for paediatric and geriatric patients. Transdermal systems, including microneedles and patches, provide precise drug administration for vaccines, pain management, and chronic diseases. Drug-eluting implants offer extended release for conditions like cancer and infections. Innovations such as hydrogels, nanofibers, and nanocapsules improve drug solubility, bioavailability, and controlled release. FDA-approved tablets and customizable capsules enhance compliance and enable targeted, on-demand therapies. These advancements highlight the potential of 3D printing to deliver patient-specific, efficient, and scalable pharmaceutical solutions.