Abstract

Background: Ultrasound quantification of fat distribution is emerging as a critical tool in prenatal care. Visceral fat thickness (VFT) is a robust biomarker for central adiposity, which has been associated with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Objective: To evaluate the demographic distribution of VFT in early pregnancy and its relationship with pregnancy outcomes and GDM risk, emphasizing the roles of maternal age, socioeconomic status, gestational age, and body mass index (BMI). Methods: In this observational study, 150 pregnant women with gestational ages